Chisindikizo cha makina a pampu yamadzi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chiteteze kutuluka kwamadzimadzi kuchokera pampopu, kuwonetsetsa kugwira ntchito moyenera komanso moyo wautali.Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosakanikirana zomwe zimagwirizanitsa mwamphamvu pamene zikuyenda, zimakhala ngati chotchinga pakati pa makina amkati a mpope ndi chilengedwe chakunja.Chisindikizochi chimagwira ntchito yofunikira kwambiri pakusunga kukhulupirika kwa makina opopera madzi panjira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pazida zapakhomo mpaka pamakina akumafakitale.
Kodi Madzi ndi ChiyaniPampu Mechanical Chisindikizo?
Makina osindikizira a pampu yamadzi amagwira ntchito ngati gawo lofunikira pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamapampu, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poletsa kutuluka kwamadzi.Chisindikizochi chili pakati pa shaft yozungulira ndi mbali zoyima za mpope, ndipo chimasunga chotchinga chomwe chimalepheretsa madzi omwe akupopedwa kuti asathawire ku chilengedwe kapena kumpope komweko.Chifukwa cha kufunikira kwake pakuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito moyenera, mopanda kutayikira, kumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka zidindozi ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene akukhudzidwa ndi kukonza, kupanga, kapena kusankha.
Kupanga makina osindikizira pampu yamadzi kumaphatikizapo ziwiri zoyambirirakusindikiza nkhope: imodzi yomangirizidwa ku shaft yozungulira ndipo ina yokhazikika pagawo loyima la mpope.Nkhopezi zimakonzedwa bwino ndikupukutidwa kuti zitsimikizire kutayikira kochepa ndipo zimapanikizidwa ndi mphamvu yodziwika ndi akasupe kapena njira zina.Kusankha kwa zida za nkhope zosindikizirazi ndikofunikira chifukwa ziyenera kutengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza kutentha, kupanikizika, kugwirizana kwamankhwala ndimadzi omwe akupopedwa, komanso tinthu tambiri tomwe timatulutsa timadzi timeneti.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi za makina osindikizira a pampu yamadzi pamakina onyamula achikhalidwe ndi kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yake yokhala ndi madzi owopsa kapena amtengo wapatali osawononga chilengedwe.Mapangidwe awo amachepetsa kutayika kwachangu kumasulira kukhala mphamvu yabwinoko komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito pakapita nthawi.
Kodi Makina Osindikizira Pampu Yamadzi Amagwira Ntchito Motani?
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito kumbuyo kwa chisindikizo chomakina ndiyosavuta koma yothandiza kwambiri.Pampu ikugwira ntchito, gawo lozungulira la chisindikizo limatembenuka ndi shaft pomwe gawo loyima limakhalabe lokhazikika.Pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi pali filimu yopyapyala kwambiri yamadzimadzi kuchokera ku mpope wokha.Filimuyi sikuti imangopaka mafuta pankhope za chisindikizo komanso imakhala ngati chotchinga chomwe chimalepheretsa kutayikira.
Kugwira ntchito kwa makina osindikizirawa kumadalira kwambiri kusunga bwino pakati pa kuyandikira pafupi (kupewa kutayikira) ndi kuchepetsa mikangano (kuchepetsa kuvala).Kuti akwaniritse izi, zisindikizo zamakina zimapangidwa ndi malo opukutidwa kwambiri komanso athyathyathya omwe amawalola kuti aziyenda bwino motsutsana ndi mnzake, kuchepetsa kutayikira komanso kuchepetsa kung'ambika.
Zisindikizo zamakina zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakasupe kuti zisunge kupanikizika kosalekeza pakati pa nkhope zosindikizira, kusintha kuti zivale kapena kusalumikizana kulikonse pakati pa shaft ndi pompo.Kusintha kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chisindikizo cha makina amatha kupitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino, kuteteza kutuluka kwamadzimadzi moyenera pa moyo wake wonse wautumiki.
Ubwino wa Water Pump Mechanical Seal
Kusindikiza Kothandiza Kwambiri: Zisindikizo zamakina zimapereka chisindikizo chapamwamba poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe monga kulongedza kwa gland, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kutayikira ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe.
Kuchepetsa Kukonza ndi Mtengo: Zisindikizo zamakina zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimafuna kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kapena kusinthidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa nthawi yotsika komanso kupulumutsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kusunga Mphamvu: Mapangidwe a zisindikizo zamakina amachepetsa kukangana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pampuyi ikhale yochepa mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zambiri pakapita nthawi.
Kusinthasintha: Zisindikizo zamakina zimatha kuthana ndi madzi osiyanasiyana, kutentha, kupanikizika, ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale.
Kuchepetsa Kuvala Pazigawo za Pampu: Kusindikiza koyenera kumachepetsa kutayikira kwamkati, kuteteza ma shafts a pampu ndi ma bearings kuti zisawonongeke ndikutalikitsa moyo wazinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo: Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wazinthu zapangitsa kuti pakhale makina osindikizira odalirika omwe amatha kugwira ntchito movutikira popanda kulephera.Zipangizo monga silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, ndi zoumba zimalimbitsa kukana kutentha, kuvala, ndi dzimbiri.
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Mitundu Yamakina Zisindikizo Za Pampu Zamadzi
Mitundu ya Kufotokozera kwa Zisindikizo Zamakina
Balanced vs.Zisindikizo ZosalinganizikaZisindikizo zokhala bwino zimanyamula kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi kutsika kwa hydraulic katundu pamaso osindikizira, kuonetsetsa moyo wautali.Zisindikizo zosagwirizana ndizosavuta, zoyenerera kwambiri pazitsulo zotsika.
Zisindikizo za Pusher ndi Non-Pusher Zisindikizo zosindikizira zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachiwiri kuti zigwirizane ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasintha bwino koma zimakhala zosavuta kuvala.Zisindikizo zosakankhira zimadalira mavuvu a elastomeric kwa moyo wautali komanso magawo ochepa osuntha.
Cartridge Zisindikizo Zokonzedweratu kuti zikhazikike mosavuta, zabwino kuti zigwirizane bwino, kuchepetsa zolakwika ndi nthawi yokonza.Amadziwika ndi kudalirika komanso kuphweka.
Bellow Zisindikizo Gwiritsani ntchito mvuto wachitsulo kapena elastomeric m'malo mwa akasupe, kuti musamayende bwino komanso musamagwire bwino ntchito zamadzimadzi zowononga.
Lip Seals Mtengo wotsika komanso wosavuta, wokwanira pa shaft ndi cholumikizira chosokoneza, chothandiza pazochitika zanthawi zonse koma osayenerera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi othamanga kwambiri kapena abrasive.
Kulinganiza vs. Zisindikizo Zosalinganizika
Zisindikizo Zosalinganizika Zamakina makamaka zimavutitsidwa ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu komwe kumagwira pankhope yosindikizira, zomwe zingayambitse kung'ambika ndi kung'ambika.Kuphweka kwapangidwe kumawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu otsika, omwe nthawi zambiri samadutsa mipiringidzo 12-15.Kupanga kwawo molunjika kumatanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika mtengo koma sikungakhale koyenera pamakina oponderezedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha chizolowezi chawo chodumphira pakupsinjika kwakukulu.
Zisindikizo Zamakina Zoyeneraamapangidwa kuti azitha kuthana ndi zovuta zokwera kwambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuposa mipiringidzo 20.Izi zimatheka mwa kusintha geometry ya chisindikizo kuti igwirizane ndi kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi komwe kumayendera nkhope zosindikizira, motero kuchepetsa mphamvu ya axial ndi kutentha komwe kumapangidwa pa mawonekedwe.Chifukwa cha kusinthika kumeneku, zisindikizozi zimapereka moyo wautali komanso kudalirika m'malo opanikizika kwambiri koma zimakhala zovuta komanso zodula kusiyana ndi anzawo omwe sali oyenerera.
Zisindikizo za Pusher ndi Zosankhira
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitundu iwiri ya zisindikizo ndi momwe zimakhalira kuti zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa nkhope kapena kusintha kwa mawonekedwe chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwapakati.
Pusher Zisindikizo zimagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chosindikizira chachiwiri, monga mphete ya O kapena wedge, yomwe imayenda mokhotakhota motsatira shaft kapena manja kuti isagwirizane ndi nkhope yosindikizira.Kuyenda uku kumatsimikizira kuti nkhope zosindikizira zimatsekedwa ndi kugwirizanitsidwa bwino, motero zimalipira kuvala ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha.Zisindikizo za Pusher zimadziwika chifukwa chosinthika m'malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chothandiza pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana.
Zisindikizo Zosankhiragwiritsani ntchito chinthu chosindikizira chokhazikika - chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala mvuto (mwina chitsulo kapena elastomer) - chomwe chimasinthasintha kuti chizolowerane ndi kusintha kwa utali pakati pa nkhope za chisindikizo popanda kusuntha molunjika pagawo lomwe akusindikiza.Kukonzekera kumeneku kumathetsa kufunikira kwa chinthu chosindikizira chachiwiri, kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kupachika kapena kumamatira chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kapena kuika pazigawo zotsetsereka.Zisindikizo zosakankhira zimakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri pogwira mankhwala ovuta, kutentha kwambiri, kapena kumene kumafuna chisamaliro chochepa.
Kusankha pakati pa zisindikizo zopusher ndi zosakankhira nthawi zambiri zimadalira zofunikira pakugwira ntchito monga mtundu wamadzimadzi, kutentha kwapakati, kupanikizika, ndi zovuta za chilengedwe monga kuyanjana kwa mankhwala ndi ukhondo.Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zabwino zake: zisindikizo zopusher zimapereka kusinthasintha pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana pomwe zisindikizo zosakankha zimapereka kudalirika pazovuta zomwe sizimasamalidwa bwino.
Zisindikizo za Cartridge
Zisindikizo za cartridge zimayimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pantchito yamakina osindikizira a mapampu amadzi.Zisindikizo izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mapangidwe awo onse-mu-modzi, omwe amaphatikiza chisindikizo ndi mbale ya gland kukhala gawo limodzi.Chilengedwe chosonkhanitsidwachi chimapangitsa kuti makhazikidwe akhazikike mosavuta ndikuchepetsa zolakwika zoyika zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kusindikiza.Zisindikizo za cartridge zidapangidwa kuti zisamavutike kukonza komanso kudalirika, kuzipangitsa kukhala zosankha zomwe amakonda pamapulogalamu omwe kulondola komanso kulimba ndikofunikira.
Chodziwika bwino cha zisindikizo za cartridge ndi kuthekera kwawo kutengera kusalumikizana bwino pakati pa shaft ya pampu ndi chipinda chosindikizira.Mosiyana ndi zisindikizo zachikhalidwe zomwe zimafuna kulinganizidwa bwino kuti zigwire bwino ntchito, zosindikizira za cartridge zimakhululuka pamlingo wina wolakwika, motero zimachepetsa kuvala ndikutalikitsa moyo wautumiki.Izi ndizopindulitsa makamaka pazosintha zomwe zimayenderana ndi liwiro lalikulu kapena magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.
Kupanga zisindikizo za cartridge kumaphatikizapo zigawo zingapo zofunika kwambiri: nkhope yozungulira, yomwe imazungulira ndi shaft pampu;nkhope yosasunthika, yomwe nkhope yozungulira imayang'ana;akasupe kapena mavuvu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya axial kuti asayang'ane nkhope;ndi zinthu zachiwiri zosindikizira zomwe zimalepheretsa kutayikira pamtunda komanso kudzera mu mbale ya gland.Zipangizo zamaguluwa zimasiyana kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito koma nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, zoumba, ndi ma elastomer osiyanasiyana.
Zisindikizo zamakina a cartridge zimapereka maubwino ogwirira ntchito monga kukhazikika kwamafuta komanso kuthekera koletsa kutayikira.Mapangidwe awo olimba amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito kapena kuikapo-nkhani wamba yokhala ndi zisindikizo zosalimba kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, popeza amasonkhanitsidwa fakitale ndikuyesedwa kukakamizidwa, mwayi wa msonkhano wolakwika umachepa kwambiri.
Bellow Zisindikizo
Bellow seal ndi gulu lapadera la makina osindikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamapampu amadzi.Mapangidwe awo amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chosinthika chamtundu wa accordion kuti ayendetse nkhope za chisindikizo, kuwapangitsa kukhala odziwa bwino kuwongolera molakwika shaft ndikutha, komanso kuyenda kwa axial kwa shaft.Kusinthasintha kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musunge chisindikizo cholimba pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zisindikizo za bellow sikudalira akasupe kuti alowetse kofunika kuti nkhope zosindikizidwa zikhale pamodzi;m'malo mwake, amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya zinthu zomwe zili m'munsimu.Khalidweli limachotsa zinthu zambiri zomwe zingalephereke ndipo zimathandizira kuti azikhala ndi moyo wautali komanso odalirika.Zisindikizo za Bellow zitha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza zitsulo ndi ma elastomer osiyanasiyana, chilichonse chosankhidwa kutengera zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza kukana kutentha, kuyanjana kwamankhwala, komanso mphamvu yogwira ntchito.
Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya zisindikizo za bellow: zitsulo zachitsulo ndi mvuto za elastomer.Metal bellow seals amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito potentha kwambiri kapena polimbana ndi mankhwala oopsa omwe amatha kuwononga zida zofewa.Zisindikizo za Elastomer bellow nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta kwambiri koma zimapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino kwambiri ndipo ndizotsika mtengo pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana.
Ubwino umodzi wodziwikiratu wogwiritsa ntchito zisindikizo za bellow ndi kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka axial shaft popanda kutaya mphamvu.Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe ntchito komwe kukula kwamafuta kwa shaft yapampu kumayembekezeredwa kapena komwe kusanja kwa zida sikungathe kuyendetsedwa bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, popeza zisindikizo za bellow zimatha kupangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito popanda kugwiritsa ntchito makina othandizira (pozizirira kapena kuthira mafuta), zimathandizira kupangidwa kwapampu mowongoka komanso kopanda ndalama zambiri pochepetsa zofunikira pazigawo zotumphukira.
Powunikanso kusankha kwazinthu zosindikizira izi, kuyanjana ndi sing'anga yopopera ndikofunikira.Zitsulo monga Hastelloy, Inconel, Monel, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosiyanasiyana ndizosankha zodziwika bwino m'malo ovuta.Kwa mavuvu a elastomer, zida monga mphira wa nitrile (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), mphira wa silikoni (VMQ), ndi ma fluoroelastomers ngati Viton amasankhidwa kutengera kulimba kwawo motsutsana ndi zowononga zamadzimadzi zosiyanasiyana.
Milomo Zisindikizo
Zisindikizo za milomo ndi mtundu wina wa makina osindikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapampu amadzi, opangidwa makamaka kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu zochepa.Zodziŵika ndi kuphweka kwake komanso kuchita bwino, zosindikizira za milomo zimakhala ndi chitsulo chotchinga chomwe chimakhala ndi milomo yosunthika pozungulira tsinde lozungulira.Milomo iyi imapanga mawonekedwe osindikizira omwe amalepheretsa madzi kapena madzi ena kutuluka ndikulola shaft kuzungulira momasuka.Mapangidwe awo nthawi zambiri amakhala olunjika, kuwapangitsa kukhala njira yachuma pazinthu zambiri.
Kuchita bwino kwa zisindikizo za milomo m'mapampu amadzi kumadalira momwe shaft pamwamba pake ndi kusankha koyenera kwa zinthu zosindikizira zochokera kumalo ogwirira ntchito.Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamilomo zimaphatikizapo mphira wa nitrile, polyurethane, silikoni, ndi fluoropolymer elastomers, chilichonse chimapereka maubwino ake pakukana kutentha, kuyanjana kwamankhwala, komanso kukana kuvala.
Kusankha chosindikizira cha milomo yoyenera pampu yamadzi kumaphatikizapo kuganizira zinthu monga mtundu wamadzimadzi, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga, kutentha kwambiri, ndi kuthamanga kwa shaft.Kusankha zinthu molakwika kapena kuyika kolakwika kungayambitse kulephera kwa chisindikizo msanga.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a wopanga komanso njira zabwino kwambiri posankha ndikuyika.
Ngakhale ali ndi malire pamawonekedwe opanikizika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yamakina monga zosindikizira bwino kapena katiriji, zosindikizira za milomo zimakhalabe zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwake komanso kukonza kosavuta.Amayamikiridwa makamaka m'makina amadzi okhalamo, mapampu oziziritsira magalimoto, komanso ntchito zopepuka zamafakitale komwe kupanikizika kumakhalabe kocheperako.
Mapangidwe a Water Pump Mechanical Seal
Zovuta popanga chisindikizo chogwira ntchito zamakina zimaphatikizanso zinthu zingapo zofunika, kuphatikiza kusankha zida zoyenera, kumvetsetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso kukhathamiritsa ma geometry a nkhope yosindikizira.
Pakatikati pake, chisindikizo cha makina a pampu yamadzi chimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yake: gawo loyima lomwe limamangiriridwa ndi pompano ndi gawo lozungulira lolumikizidwa ndi shaft.Zigawozi zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi nkhope zawo zosindikizira, zomwe zimapukutidwa kuti zitheke kusalala bwino, kuchepetsa kukangana ndi kuvala pakapita nthawi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndikusankha zida zomwe zimatha kupirira zovuta zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito monga kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala, ndi abrasion.Zida zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, ceramic, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi carbon graphite.Chilichonse chimakhala ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimapatsa malo osiyanasiyana osindikizira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito.
Chinthu chinanso chapakati pamapangidwe amakina a chisindikizo ndikusanja kuthamanga kwa ma hydraulic pankhope zosindikizira.Izi zimachepetsa kutayikira komanso zimachepetsa kuvala kumaso.Mainjiniya amagwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zowerengera ndi ma protocol oyesera kuti adziwike momwe mapangidwe angagwirire ntchito munthawi yeniyeni.Kudzera m'njira zobwerezabwereza zophatikizira zofananira za finite element analysis (FEA), opanga amatha kuyeretsa ma geometries kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Seal face geometry palokha imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakusunga makulidwe a kanema pakati pa nkhope pansi pa zovuta komanso kuthamanga kosiyanasiyana.Maonekedwe a nkhope opangidwa bwino amathandizira kugawa madzimadzi mozungulira pamtunda, kukonza mafuta ndi kuziziritsa kwinaku akuchepetsa kuvala.
Kuphatikiza pa zinthu izi, chidwi chimalunjikitsidwa pakukhazikitsa zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kuyenda kwa axial kapena ma radial chifukwa chakukula kwamafuta kapena kugwedezeka.Zojambula zoterezi zimatsimikizira kuti kukhudzana kumasungidwa pakati pa malo osindikizira popanda kupanikizika kwambiri komwe kungayambitse kulephera msanga.
Zida Zosindikizira Pampu ya Madzi
Seal Face Materials Properties
Silicon Carbide Kuuma kwapadera, kusinthasintha kwamafuta, kukana kwamankhwala
Tungsten Carbide Kulimba kwambiri, kuvala kukana (nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolimba kuposa silicon carbide)
Ceramic High corrosion resistance, yoyenera m'malo owopsa amankhwala
Graphite Self-lubricating properties, ntchito kumene kondomu ndi kovuta
Zida Zosindikizira Zachiwiri
O-rings/Gaskets Nitrile (NBR), Viton (FKM), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM)
Zida za Metallurgical Components
Springs/Metal Bellows Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (mwachitsanzo, 304, 316) cha kukana dzimbiri;ma aloyi akunja monga Hastelloy kapena Alloy 20 pamalo owononga kwambiri
Kusankha Chisindikizo Choyenera Pampu Yamadzi Yamadzi
Posankha chisindikizo choyenera cha makina opopera madzi, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzikumbukira.Kusankha kogwira mtima kumadalira kumvetsetsa zofunikira za pulogalamuyo ndikuwunika zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhudza momwe chisindikizo chimagwirira ntchito.Izi zikuphatikizapo mtundu wa madzimadzi omwe amapopedwa, momwe amagwirira ntchito, kugwirizanitsa kwa zipangizo, ndi mawonekedwe apadera a chisindikizo.
Mphamvu zamadzimadzi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri;mankhwala aukali amafuna zisindikizo zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri kapena kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala.Mofananamo, madzi otsekemera amafunikira nkhope zolimba kuti zisavale msanga.Zinthu zogwirira ntchito monga kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi liwiro zimadalira ngati chisindikizo chokhazikika kapena chosalinganizika chili choyenera, ndipo ngati mtundu wa pusher kapena wosakankha ungakhale wodalirika.
Kugwirizana kwa zinthu za Seal ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa moyo wautali wautumiki komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.Silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, ndi zitsulo zadothi ndi zosankha wamba pankhope zosindikizira chifukwa champhamvu komanso kukana kupsinjika kwambiri.Zinthu zosindikizira zachiwiri-nthawi zambiri ma elastomers monga Viton kapena EPDM-ziyeneranso kugwirizana ndi ndondomeko yamadzimadzi kuti zisawonongeke.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, mapulogalamu ena atha kupindula ndi zisindikizo zapadera monga ma cartridge seal kuti akhazikike mosavuta, ma bellow seal a mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi axial movement yochepa, kapena zosindikizira milomo pazovuta kwambiri.
Pamapeto pake, kusankha chosindikizira choyenera cha pampu yamadzi kumaphatikizapo kuwunika kwatsatanetsatane kwa zofunikira za pulogalamu iliyonse.Kufunsana ndi opanga kapena akatswiri kumatha kukupatsani zidziwitso zofunika kwambiri za mtundu wa chisindikizo ndi zida zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi zosowa zanu, kuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso nthawi yayitali ya zida.Chidziwitso m'derali sikuti chimangowonjezera ntchito komanso chimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha zolephera zosayembekezereka komanso ndalama zosamalira.
Kodi Chimachititsa Chiyani Kuti Pampu Yamadzi Ilephereke?
Kuyika molakwika: Ngati chisindikizo sichinagwirizane bwino kapena kukhala pansi panthawi yoyikira, chikhoza kuchititsa kuti pakhale kuvala, kutayikira, kapena kulephera kwathunthu pansi pa kupsinjika kwa ntchito.
Kusankha zinthu zosindikizira molakwika: Kusankha chisindikizo cholakwika kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito mwanjira inayake kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala kapena kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kukakhala ndi madzi owononga kwambiri kapena otentha kwambiri pa chinthucho.
Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito: Kuthamanga kowuma, kugwiritsa ntchito pampu popanda madzi okwanira, kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa chisindikizo.Cavitation, yomwe imapezeka pamene mphutsi za nthunzi zimapangidwira mumadzimadzi chifukwa cha kusintha kwachangu kwa kuthamanga ndikudzigwera paokha, zimatha kutha ndikuwononga zisindikizo zamakina pakapita nthawi.
Kusamalira molakwika: Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira malire ovomerezeka monga kuchulukitsitsa, kutentha kwambiri kupitirira zomwe kapangidwe kake, kapena kuthamanga kozungulira kopitilira zomwe chisindikizocho chinapangidwira kungafulumizitse kutha ndi kung'ambika.Kuwonongeka mkati mwa dongosolo - kuchokera ku zinthu zina zomwe zimalowa pakati pa malo osindikizira - kumathandiziranso kuwonongeka.
Kodi mumakonza bwanji chosindikizira pamakina pa mpope wamadzi?
Gawo 1: Kukonzekera ndi Chitetezo
Onetsetsani chitetezo: Musanayambe ntchito iliyonse, valani zida zoyenera zotetezera ndikuchotsa magwero onse amagetsi ku mpope wamadzi kuti mupewe ngozi.
Malo ogwirira ntchito oyera: Onetsetsani kuti malo ogwirira ntchito ndi oyera komanso opanda zinyalala kuti apewe kuipitsidwa panthawi yokonza.
Khwerero 2: Kuchotsa Pampu Yamadzi
Masulani mosamala: Chotsani mabawuti kapena zomangira zotchingira pompano ndi zinthu zina, kusunga mbali zomwe zachotsedwa kuti zigwirizanenso mosavuta pambuyo pake.
Pezani chisindikizo chamakina: Chikang'ambika, pezani ndikupeza chidindo chomakina mkati mwa mpope.
Gawo 3: Kuyang'ana ndi Kuunika
Yang'anirani kuwonongeka: Yang'anani bwino chosindikiziracho kuti muwone ngati chizindikilo chawonongeka monga ming'alu, kuwonongeka kwambiri, kapena dzimbiri.
Tsimikizirani chosowa chosinthira: Ngati chisindikizo chawonongeka, chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi cholowa choyenera chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zomwe mpopeyo akufuna.
Khwerero 4: Kuyika Chisindikizo Chatsopano Chomakina
Malo oyera: Tsukani malo onse olumikizirana kuti muchotse zinyalala kapena zotsalira, kuwonetsetsa kuti chisindikizo chatsopanocho chimamatira bwino.
Ikani mbali ya masika: Mosamala ikani mbali ya kasupe ya chisindikizo chatsopano mu mkono wa shaft, kuonetsetsa kuti yakhazikika bwino popanda kukakamiza kwambiri.
Ikani mafuta: Ngati n'koyenera, ikani mafuta pang'ono kuti muchepetse kuyika.
Khwerero 5: Kukonzekera ndi Kukonzekera
Gwiranitsani gawo loyima: Lunzanitsa ndi kukanikiza kuti igwirizane ndi gawo loyima la chosindikizira pampando wake mkati mwa kabati ya mpope kapena mbale ya gland, kuwonetsetsa kuti ili bwino popewa kudontha kapena kulephera msanga.
Gawo 6: Kukonzanso
Reverse disassembly: Sonkhanitsaninso magawo onse motsatira dongosolo la disassembly, kuwonetsetsa kuti gawo lililonse limakhala lotetezedwa pamakonzedwe ake a torque kuti mupewe zida zotayirira panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Gawo 7: Macheke Omaliza
Pamanja tembenuzani shaft: Musanalumikizenso mphamvu, tembenuzani pamanja shaft ya mpope kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe zopinga komanso kuti zigawo zonse zimayenda momasuka monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa.
Yang'anani kutayikira: Mukayambiranso, yang'anani ngati pali kudontha kulikonse mozungulira malo osindikizira kuti muwonetsetse kuyika koyenera.
Kodi Zisindikizo Zamakina Zopopa Zimatenga Nthawi Yaitali Bwanji?
Kutalika kwa moyo wa zisindikizo zamakina amakina ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonzanso komanso magwiridwe antchito pamafakitale osiyanasiyana.Nthawi zambiri, pamikhalidwe yabwino, chisindikizo chosungidwa bwino chimatha kukhala paliponse kuyambira zaka 1 mpaka 3 chisanafune kusinthidwa kapena kukonza.Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti moyo weniweni wautumiki ukhoza kusiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu zingapo.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira kulimba kwa zosindikizira zamakina a pampu ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale, momwe zimagwirira ntchito monga kutentha ndi kuthamanga, mtundu wamadzimadzi omwe amapopa, komanso kukhalapo kwa zinthu zowononga kapena zowononga mkati mwamadzimadzi.Kuonjezera apo, kupangidwa kwa zinthu za chisindikizo ndi mapangidwe ake (kulinganiza vs. osalinganizika, cartridge vs. bellow, etc.) zimagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri pozindikira kutalika kwake.
Kusamalira nthawi zonse ndi kuyika bwino ndikofunikanso kuti zidindozi zikhale ndi moyo wautali.Kuwonetsetsa kuti zisindikizo zikukhala zaukhondo komanso zosasunthika, kuyang'anira ngati zikutha komanso kung'ambika, komanso kutsatira malangizo a wopanga kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kungathe kutalikitsa nthawi yogwira ntchito bwino.
Kodi Utali wa Moyo wa Chisindikizo Chamakina Ukhoza Kuwonjezedwa Bwanji?
Kutalikitsa moyo wa chisindikizo chomakina pamapampu amadzi kumaphatikizapo kukonza mosamala, kuyika bwino, ndikugwira ntchito mkati mwa magawo omwe atchulidwa.
Kusankhidwa koyenera kutengera zofunikira za pulogalamuyo kumatsimikizira kuti zimagwirizana ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.Kuwunika pafupipafupi ndi kukonza kumachepetsa kuvala ndikupewa zolephera zisanakhale zovuta.Kuonetsetsa kuti madzi oyera ndi ofunikira chifukwa zoipitsa zimatha kufulumizitsa kuvala.Kuyika zowongolera zachilengedwe, monga mapulani a seal flush, kuwongolera bwino kutentha ndikuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe titha kuvulaza nkhope ya chisindikizo.
Kulinganiza magawo ogwirira ntchito kuti mupewe kupanikizika kwambiri kapena kutentha komwe kumapitilira zomwe chisindikizocho chimafunikira ndikofunikira kuti moyo ukhale wautali.Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzola ndi kuziziritsa pakafunika kutero kumathandiza kuti chisindikizo chiziyenda bwino.Kupewa zowuma kuthamanga kumateteza chisindikizo kukhulupirika pakapita nthawi.
Kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito za njira zabwino zoyambira ndi kuzimitsa zimalepheretsa kupsinjika kosafunikira pazisindikizo zamakina.Kutsatira ndondomeko yokonza nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muyang'ane zinthu monga akasupe, mavuvu, ndi makolala okhoma kuti muwone zizindikiro zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakukulitsa moyo wautumiki.
Poyang'ana pa kusankha koyenera, kulondola kwa kukhazikitsa, njira zodzitetezera ku zowonongeka zowonongeka, ndi kutsata ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito, moyo wa zisindikizo zamakina opopera madzi ukhoza kukulitsidwa kwambiri.Njirayi sikuti imangoteteza kudalirika kwa makina opopera komanso imakulitsa luso lonse mwa kuchepetsa nthawi yochepetsera komanso kukonza ndalama.
Pomaliza
Mwachidule, chisindikizo cha makina a pampu yamadzi ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limapangidwa kuti liteteze kutulutsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mapampu a centrifugal akugwira bwino ntchito posunga chotchinga pakati pamadzi omwe akupopedwa ndi chilengedwe chakunja.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-08-2024