Tikudziwa kuti chisindikizo cha makina chiyenera kugwira ntchito mpaka mpweya utachepa, koma zomwe takumana nazo zikutisonyeza kuti izi sizichitika ndi chisindikizo choyambirira cha zida chomwe chinayikidwa mu pampu. Timagula chisindikizo chatsopano cha makina chokwera mtengo ndipo chimenecho sichithanso. Ndiye kodi chisindikizo chatsopanocho chinali kuwononga ndalama?
Ayi ndithu. Apa mukuchita chinthu chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chanzeru, mukuyesera kuthetsa vuto la chisindikizo pogula chisindikizo china, koma zimenezo zili ngati kuyesa kupeza utoto wabwino pagalimoto pogula mtundu wabwino wa utoto.
Ngati mukufuna kujambula bwino galimoto, muyenera kuchita zinthu zinayi izi: Kukonza thupi (kukonza zitsulo, kuchotsa dzimbiri, kupukuta, kuphimba nkhope ndi zina zotero); kugula utoto wabwino (utoto wonse si wofanana); kuyika utoto molondola (ndi mpweya wokwanira, palibe madontho kapena madzi otuluka komanso kupukuta pafupipafupi pakati pa primer ndi finish coat); ndikusamalira utoto ukatha kupakidwa (sungani wotsukidwa, wopaka sera ndi kusungidwa mu garaja).
mcneally-seals-2017
Ngati mwachita zinthu zinayizo molondola, kodi utoto ungatenge nthawi yayitali bwanji pagalimoto? Mwachionekere kwa zaka zambiri. Tulukani panja ndipo muwone magalimoto akudutsa ndipo muwona umboni wa anthu omwe sakuchita zinthu zinayizo. Ndipotu, ndizosowa kwambiri kotero kuti tikawona galimoto yakale yomwe ikuwoneka bwino, timaiyang'ana.
Kupeza moyo wabwino wa chisindikizo kumafunanso magawo anayi. Ayenera kukhala omveka bwino, koma tiyeni tiwonebe.
Konzani pampu yoti mutseke - imeneyo ndiyo ntchito ya thupi
Gulani chisindikizo chabwino - utoto wabwino
Ikani chisindikizo molondola - ikani utoto molondola
Ikani njira yoyenera yotetezera chilengedwe ngati pakufunika kutero (ndipo mwina ndi yofunikira) - komanso tsukani ndi sera
Tidzayang'ana nkhani iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti tidzayamba kuwonjezera moyo wa zisindikizo zathu zamakaniko mpaka kufika poti zambiri zimawonongeka. Izi zikukhudzana ndi mapampu a centrifugal koma zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zilizonse zozungulira, kuphatikizapo zosakaniza ndi zoyambitsa.
Konzani pampu yoti muyike chisindikizo
Kuti mukonzekere muyenera kulumikiza pampu ndi dalaivala, pogwiritsa ntchito laser aligniner. Adapta ya chimango cha "C" kapena "D" ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Kenako, mumayendetsa bwino kwambiri gulu lozungulira, zomwe zingachitike pogwiritsa ntchito zida zambiri zowunikira kugwedezeka, koma funsani kwa ogulitsa anu ngati mulibe pulogalamuyo. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti shaft siinapindike ndipo mukuizungulira pakati pa malo.
Ndibwino kupewa kuyika manja a shaft, chifukwa shaft yolimba singathe kupindika ndipo ndi yabwino kwambiri poyimitsa makina, ndikuyesera kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa chitoliro momwe zingathere.
Gwiritsani ntchito pampu yopangidwa ndi "mzere wapakati" ngati kutentha kwa chinthucho kuli kopitilira 100°C, chifukwa izi zichepetsa mavuto ena okhudzana ndi kupsinjika kwa mapaipi pa pampu. Komanso, gwiritsani ntchito mapampu okhala ndi chiŵerengero chochepa cha kutalika kwa shaft ndi diameter. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa mapampu ogwirira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi.
Gwiritsani ntchito bokosi lodzaza zinthu lalikulu kwambiri, pewani mapangidwe ofooka, ndipo patsani malo okwanira chitsekocho. Yesetsani kuti bokosi lodzaza zinthu likhale lozungulira momwe mungathere, zomwe zingatheke pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyang'ana, ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse zomwe mukudziwa.
Ndikofunikira kuti musalole kuti pampu igwe pansi, chifukwa nkhope zotsekera zidzatseguka ndipo mwina zidzawonongeka. Nyundo yamadzi imatha kuchitikanso ngati mphamvu yatayika pa pampu ikugwira ntchito, choncho chitanipo kanthu kuti mupewe mavutowa.
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kufufuzidwa pokonzekera pampu yotsekera, kuphatikizapo; kuti kulemera kwa pompu/chogwirira cha mota ndi kuwirikiza kasanu kulemera kwa zipangizo zomwe zili pamenepo; kuti pali mapaipi okwana mainchesi khumi pakati pa chokokera pampu ndi chigongono choyamba; ndi kuti mbale yoyambira ndi yofanana komanso yolumikizidwa bwino.
Sungani chitseko chotseguka chokonzedwa kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka ndi mavuto a kubwerezabwereza kwa mpweya m'kati, onetsetsani kuti mabearing ali ndi mafuta okwanira, komanso kuti madzi ndi zinthu zolimba sizikulowa m'malo osungiramo mpweya. Muyeneranso kusintha ma grease kapena lip seals ndi labyrinth kapena face seals.
Onetsetsani kuti simukulandira mizere yozungulira madzi yolumikizidwa ku bokosi lodzaza madzi, nthawi zambiri kubwerezabwereza madzi kumakhala bwino. Ngati pampu ili ndi mphete zosweka, onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ananso momwe madziwo alili.
Chomaliza chomwe mungachite pokonzekera pampu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mbali zonyowa za pampu zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri, chifukwa zotsukira ndi zosungunulira zomwe zili mumizere nthawi zina zimayambitsa mavuto omwe wopanga sanayembekezere.
Kenako tsekani mpweya uliwonse womwe ungatuluke mbali yoyamwa ya pampu ndikuchotsa mpweya uliwonse womwe ungatsekedwe mu volute.
Gulani chisindikizo chabwino
Gwiritsani ntchito mapangidwe olinganizidwa bwino a hydraulic omwe amatseka kupanikizika ndi vacuum ndipo ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito elastomer mu seal, yesani kugwiritsa ntchito o-ring. Awa ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri pazifukwa zambiri, koma musalole aliyense kuyika o-ring pamwamba kapena sidzagwedezeka kapena kugwedezeka momwe ziyenera kukhalira.
Muyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a zisindikizo zosamangika chifukwa kuyika zisindikizo m'magawo a shaft ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chisindikizocho chimalephera msanga.
Zisindikizo zosasuntha (komwe ma spring sazungulira ndi shaft) ndi zabwino kuposa zisindikizo zozungulira (ma spring azungulira) zotsekera mpweya wotuluka ndi madzi ena aliwonse. Ngati chisindikizocho chili ndi ma spring ang'onoang'ono, chisungeni kutali ndi madziwo chifukwa adzatsekeka mosavuta. Pali mapangidwe ambiri a zisindikizo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe awa osatsekeka.
Nkhope yolimba kwambiri ndi yabwino kwambiri pa kayendedwe ka radial komwe timawona mu ntchito zosakaniza ndi zisindikizo zomwe zili kutali kwambiri ndi ma bearing.
Mudzafunikanso mtundu wina wa kuvindikira kwa zisindikizo zachitsulo zotentha kwambiri chifukwa zilibe elastomer yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito imeneyo.
Gwiritsani ntchito mapangidwe omwe amasunga madzi otsekera pa chitseko chakunja kwa m'mimba mwake, kapena mphamvu ya centrifugal idzaponya zinthu zolimba m'malo ozungulira ndikuletsa kuyenda kwawo mpweya ukatha. Muyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito ma carbon osadzazidwa pa malo otsekera chifukwa ndi abwino kwambiri ndipo mtengo wake si wokwera kwambiri.
Komanso, onetsetsani kuti mwazindikira zinthu zonse zosindikizira chifukwa n'zosatheka kuthetsa "zinthu zachinsinsi".
Musalole wogulitsayo kukuuzani kuti zinthu zake ndi zake, ndipo ngati ndi momwe akuonera, pezani wogulitsa wina kapena wopanga, apo ayi muyenera mavuto onse omwe mungakhale nawo.
Yesetsani kusunga ma elastomer kutali ndi nkhope ya chisindikizo. Elastomer ndi gawo limodzi la chisindikizo lomwe limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha, ndipo kutentha kumakhala kotentha kwambiri pamaso.
Chinthu chilichonse choopsa kapena chodula chiyeneranso kutsekedwa ndi zisindikizo ziwiri. Onetsetsani kuti hydraulic balance ili mbali zonse ziwiri kapena mukukayikira kuti nkhope imodzi ingatsegule ngati mphamvu ya magetsi yabwerera m'mbuyo kapena ngati mphamvu ya magetsi yakwera.
Pomaliza, ngati kapangidwe kake kali ndi mpweya woponderezedwa mu chogwirira chachitsulo, onetsetsani kuti mpweyawo waponderezedwa ndipo sunachepe. Mpweya woponderezedwa udzadula kuti ugwirizane ndi zolakwika zomwe zili mu chogwirira chachitsulo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti nkhope zozungulira zikhale zathyathyathya.
Ikani chisindikizocho molondola
Ma cartridge seals ndi kapangidwe kokha komwe kamakhala kothandiza ngati mukufuna kusintha ma impeller, ndipo ndi kosavuta kuyika chifukwa simukusowa chosindikizira, kapena kuyeza chilichonse kuti mupeze katundu woyenera wa nkhope.
Zisindikizo ziwiri za cartridge ziyenera kukhala ndi mphete yopopera mkati ndipo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungira (kupanikizika kochepa) pakati pa zisindikizo nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke kuti mupewe mavuto ochepetsa kusungunuka kwa zinthu.
Pewani mafuta amtundu uliwonse ngati chotetezera chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa kwa mafuta komanso mpweya woipa.
Mukayika, sungani chisindikizocho pafupi ndi mabearing momwe mungathere. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala malo oti muchotse chisindikizocho m'bokosi lodzaza zinthu kenako gwiritsani ntchito malo a bokosi lodzaza zinthu ngati chitseko chothandizira kuti shaft yozungulira ikhale yokhazikika.
Kutengera ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, muyenera kusankha ngati chidebe chothandizirachi chiyenera kusungidwa mozungulira.
Zisindikizo zogawanika zimakhala zomveka bwino pa ntchito iliyonse yomwe siifuna zisindikizo ziwiri kapena kutseka mpweya wotuluka (kutuluka kwa mpweya kumayesedwa m'zigawo pa miliyoni).
Ma seal ogawanika ndi omwe muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pa mapampu okhala ndi mbali ziwiri, apo ayi muyenera kusintha ma seal onse awiri pamene seal imodzi yokha yalephera.
Amakulolaninso kusintha zisindikizo popanda kusintha ndi choyendetsa cha pampu.
Musamathire mafuta pamwamba pa zomatira mukakhazikitsa, ndipo sungani zinthu zolimba pamwamba pa zomatirazo. Ngati pali chophimba choteteza pamwamba pa zomatirazo, onetsetsani kuti mwachichotsa musanakhazikitse.
Ngati ndi chisindikizo cha rabara, amafunika mafuta apadera omwe angapangitse kuti mabellow amamatire ku shaft. Nthawi zambiri amakhala madzi ochokera ku mafuta, koma mutha kufunsa wogulitsa wanu kuti mutsimikizire. Mabellow seal a rabara amafunikanso kumalizidwa kwa shaft osapitirira 40RMS, apo ayi rabala idzakhala ndi vuto lomatira ku shaft.
Pomaliza, mukayika mu choyimirira, onetsetsani kuti mwatulutsa mpweya wothira m'bokosi lodzaza pamwamba pa chisindikizo. Mungafunike kuyika mpweya uwu ngati wopanga mapampu sanaupereke.
Ma cartridge seal ambiri ali ndi mpweya wotuluka womwe ungalumikizidwe ndi pompu yoyamwa kapena malo ena otsika mphamvu mu dongosolo.
Samalirani chisindikizocho
Gawo lomaliza kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino wa chisindikizo ndikuchisamalira nthawi zonse. Zisindikizo zimakonda kutseka madzi ozizira, oyera, komanso opaka mafuta, ndipo ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sitikhala ndi chimodzi mwa izo chotseka, mwina mungagwiritse ntchito njira yowongolera chilengedwe m'bokosi lodzaza kuti musinthe chinthu chanu kukhala chimodzi.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito bokosi lodzaza ndi jekete, onetsetsani kuti jeketeyo ndi yoyera. Madzi oundana kapena nthunzi ndi omwe amalowa bwino kwambiri mu jekete.
Yesani kuyika chidebe cha kaboni kumapeto kwa bokosi lodzaza kuti chikhale ngati chotchinga kutentha chomwe chingathandize kukhazikika kutentha kwa bokosi lodzaza.
Kutsuka ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowongolera chilengedwe chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke, koma ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito chosindikizira choyenera simungafunike kutsuka kwambiri. Magaloni anayi kapena asanu pa ola limodzi (onani ndanena kuti ola osati mphindi imodzi) ayenera kukhala okwanira kutsuka mtundu umenewo wa chosindikizira.
Muyeneranso kusunga madziwo akuyendayenda m'bokosi lodzaza kuti kutentha kusachuluke. Kubwerezabwereza kwa madzi kudzachotsa zinthu zolimba zomwe ndi zolemera kuposa zomwe mukutseka.
Popeza imeneyi ndi vuto lofala kwambiri la slurry, gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyeretsera madzi ngati muyezo wanu. Komanso, phunzirani komwe simuyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito.
Kubwezeretsa mpweya m'thupi kudzakuthandizani kukweza mphamvu mu bokosi lodzaza kuti madzi asatuluke pakati pa nkhope zolumikizana. Yesetsani kuti musayang'ane chingwe chobwerezabwereza pa nkhope zolumikizana, zitha kuwavulaza. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito bellows yachitsulo, chingwe chobwerezabwereza chikhoza kugwira ntchito ngati mchenga ndikudula mbale zopyapyala za bellows.
Ngati chinthucho chili chotentha kwambiri, ziritsani malo oikamo zinthu. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti njira zowongolera zachilengedwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunika kwambiri pamene pampu yayimitsidwa chifukwa kutentha konyowa ndi kuzizira kwa kuzimitsa kumatha kusintha kutentha kwa bokosi loikamo zinthu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chisinthe momwe zinthu zilili.
Zinthu zoopsa zidzafunika mtundu wa API ngati simugwiritsa ntchito zisindikizo ziwiri. Kapangidwe ka API kadzateteza chisindikizocho ku kuwonongeka kwenikweni ngati mutataya bearing pamene pampu ikugwira ntchito.
Onetsetsani kuti ma API alumikizidwa bwino. N'zosavuta kusakaniza ma port anayiwo ndikulowetsa chingwe chothira kapena chozungulira mu quench port.
Yesetsani kuti musaike nthunzi kapena madzi ambiri kudzera mu cholumikizira cha quench, apo ayi chingalowe mu chivundikiro cha bearing. Kutuluka kwa cholumikizira cha drain nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa ngati kulephera kwa chisindikizo ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Onetsetsani kuti akudziwa kusiyana kwake.
Kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo awa ofunikira
Kodi pali amene wachitapo zinthu zonsezi zinayi? Mwatsoka ayi. Tikadachita, 85 kapena 90 peresenti ya zisindikizo zathu zikanatha, m'malo mwa khumi kapena 15 peresenti zomwe zimachita. Chisindikizo cholephera msanga chokhala ndi nkhope yambiri ya kaboni chikupitirizabe kukhala lamulo.
Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chomwe timamva pofotokoza kusowa kwathu moyo wabwino wa zisindikizo ndichakuti palibe nthawi yochitira bwino, kutsatiridwa ndi mawu oti, “Koma nthawi zonse pamakhala nthawi yokonza.” Ambiri a ife timachita chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zinthu zofunika ndipo timapeza kuwonjezeka kwa moyo wathu wa zisindikizo. Palibe cholakwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa moyo wa zisindikizo, koma zimenezo ndi kutali kwambiri ndi kuwononga zisindikizo.
Taganizirani izi kwa mphindi imodzi. Ngati chisindikizocho chikutha chaka chimodzi, kodi vuto lingakhale lalikulu bwanji? Kutentha sikuyenera kukhala kokwera kwambiri kapena kupanikizika kwambiri. Ngati zimenezo zinali zoona sizingatenge chaka chimodzi kuti chisindikizocho chilephereke. Chogulitsacho sichingakhale chodetsedwa kwambiri pachifukwa chomwecho.
Nthawi zambiri timapeza kuti vutoli ndi losavuta monga kapangidwe ka chisindikizo chomwe chikuzungulira shaft, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yotulukira idutse kudzera mu sleeve kapena shaft yowonongeka. Nthawi zina timapeza kuti flush yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa mizere kamodzi pachaka ndiyo imayambitsa vutoli, ndipo palibe amene akusintha zida zosindikizira kuti ziwonetse kuopsa kwa zigawo za chisindikizo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-25-2023