Zosakaniza Zotsutsana ndi Pump Mechanical Seals Germany, UK, USA, Italy, Greece, USA

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zomwe zimafuna kutseka shaft yozungulira yomwe imadutsa m'nyumba yosasuntha. Zitsanzo ziwiri zodziwika bwino ndi mapampu ndi zosakaniza (kapena zoyambitsa). Ngakhale kuti zoyambira
mfundo zomangira zida zosiyanasiyana ndizofanana, pali kusiyana komwe kumafuna mayankho osiyanasiyana. Kusamvetsetsana kumeneku kwayambitsa mikangano monga kuyitanitsa bungwe la American Petroleum Institute
(API) 682 (muyezo wotsimikizira makina a pampu) pofotokoza zisindikizo za osakaniza. Poganizira zisindikizo zamakina a pampu poyerekeza ndi osakaniza, pali kusiyana pang'ono koonekeratu pakati pa magulu awiriwa. Mwachitsanzo, mapampu opachikidwa pamwamba ali ndi mtunda waufupi (nthawi zambiri umayesedwa mu mainchesi) kuchokera ku impeller kupita ku radial bearing poyerekeza ndi chosakanizira chapamwamba cholowera (nthawi zambiri chimayesedwa mu mapazi).
Kutalikirana kwakutali kumeneku kumabweretsa nsanja yosakhazikika bwino yokhala ndi ma radial runout ambiri, kusagwirizana kwa perpendicular komanso kusagwirizana ndi ma pump. Kuchulukira kwa ma drive runout a zida kumabweretsa mavuto ena pakupanga ma mechanical seals. Nanga bwanji ngati kupotoka kwa shaft kunali kwa radial kokha? Kupanga chisindikizo cha mkhalidwe uwu kungathe kuchitika mosavuta powonjezera mipata pakati pa zinthu zozungulira ndi zosakhazikika pamodzi ndi malo okulirapo a seal. Monga momwe akuganiziridwa, mavuto si ophweka chonchi. Kuyika mbali pa impeller (ma impeller), kulikonse komwe ali pa mixer shaft, kumapangitsa kupotoka komwe kumamasulira mpaka kumapeto kwa shaft support - gearbox radial bearing. Chifukwa cha kupotoka kwa shaft pamodzi ndi kuyenda kwa pendulum, kupotoka si ntchito yolunjika.

Izi zidzakhala ndi gawo la radial ndi angular lomwe limapangitsa kuti pakhale kusalingana kwa perpendicular pa seal zomwe zingayambitse mavuto pa mechanical seal. Kupotoka kungawerengedwe ngati zizindikiro zazikulu za shaft ndi shaft loading zidziwika. Mwachitsanzo, API 682 imati shaft radial deflection pa seal faces of the pump shot shot shot iyenera kukhala yofanana kapena yochepera 0.002 mainchesi total indicated reading (TIR) ​​pamavuto akulu kwambiri. Mitundu yanthawi zonse pa top entry mixer ili pakati pa 0.03 mpaka 0.150 mainchesi TIR. Mavuto mkati mwa mechanical seal omwe angachitike chifukwa cha shaft deflection yambiri ndi monga kuwonongeka kwa zigawo za seal, kuzungulira zigawo kukhudzana ndi zigawo zosasunthika, kugubuduza ndi kukanikiza kwa dynamic O-ring (kupangitsa kuti spiral spiral ya O-ring kapena nkhope ikulendewera). Zonsezi zitha kupangitsa kuti seal ichepe. Chifukwa cha kuyenda kwambiri komwe kumachitika mu mixers, mechanical seals imatha kutayikira kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zofanana.zisindikizo za pampu, zomwe zingapangitse kuti chisindikizocho chikokedwe mosafunikira komanso/kapena kulephera msanga ngati sichikuyang'aniridwa bwino.

Pali nthawi zina pamene mukugwira ntchito limodzi ndi opanga zida ndikumvetsetsa kapangidwe ka zida pomwe chogwirira cha zinthu chozungulira chingaphatikizidwe mu makatiriji osindikizira kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha kwa mawonekedwe a chosindikizira ndikuchepetsa mavuto awa. Muyenera kusamala kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtundu woyenera wa chogwirira ndi kuti katundu wonyamula katunduyo amveke bwino kapena vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira kapena kuyambitsa vuto latsopano, ndi kuwonjezera chogwirira. Ogulitsa zisindikizo ayenera kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi OEM ndi opanga zogwirira kuti atsimikizire kuti mapangidwe ake ndi oyenera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chisindikizo cha chosakanizira nthawi zambiri kumakhala kothamanga pang'ono (kuzungulira 5 mpaka 300 pamphindi [rpm]) ndipo sikungagwiritse ntchito njira zina zachikhalidwe kuti madzi otchingira azikhala ozizira. Mwachitsanzo, mu Plan 53A ya zisindikizo ziwiri, kuyenda kwa madzi otchingira kumaperekedwa ndi mawonekedwe amkati opopera monga screw yopopera ya axial. Vuto ndilakuti mawonekedwe opopera amadalira liwiro la zida kuti apange kuyenda ndipo liwiro la kusakaniza nthawi zambiri silikwanira kuti lipange kuchuluka kothandiza kwa kuyenda. Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi nkhope ya chisindikizo sikomwe kumapangitsa kutentha kwa madzi otchingira kukwera muchisindikizo chosakanizira. Ndi kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha njirayi komwe kungayambitse kutentha kwambiri kwa madzi otchingira komanso kupangitsa kuti zigawo zotchingira, nkhope ndi ma elastomer, mwachitsanzo, zikhale pachiwopsezo cha kutentha kwambiri. Zigawo zotchingira zapansi, monga nkhope zotchingira ndi mphete za O, zimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha kuyandikira kwa njirayi. Si kutentha komwe kumawononga mwachindunji nkhope zotchingira koma kuchepa kwa kukhuthala komanso, motero, kukhuthala kwa madzi otchingira pankhope zotchingira zapansi. Kukhuthala koyipa kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa nkhope chifukwa chokhudzana. Zinthu zina zopangidwa zimatha kuphatikizidwa mu katiriji yotchingira kuti kutentha kwa zotchingira kukhale kochepa ndikuteteza zigawo zotchingira.

Zisindikizo zamakina za makina osakaniza zitha kupangidwa ndi ma coil ozizira amkati kapena ma jekete omwe amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi madzi otchinga. Izi ndi njira yotsekedwa, yothamanga pang'ono, komanso yotsika yomwe imakhala ndi madzi ozizira omwe amayendayenda kudzera mwa iwo ngati chosinthira kutentha chofunikira. Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito spool yoziziritsira mu katiriji yotsekera pakati pa zigawo zapansi za chisindikizo ndi malo oyika zida. Spool yoziziritsira ndi dzenje lomwe madzi ozizira otsika amatha kudutsamo kuti apange chotchinga choteteza pakati pa chisindikizo ndi chotengera kuti achepetse kutentha. Spool yoziziritsira yokonzedwa bwino imatha kupewa kutentha kwambiri komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwankhope za zisindikizondi ma elastomer. Kuthira kwa kutentha kuchokera mu ndondomekoyi kumapangitsa kuti kutentha kwa madzi otchinga kukwere m'malo mwake.

Mapangidwe awiriwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi kapena payekhapayekha kuti athandize kuwongolera kutentha kwa chisindikizo cha makina. Nthawi zambiri, zisindikizo zamakina za osakaniza zimafotokozedwa kuti zigwirizane ndi API 682, Gulu 1 la 4th Edition, ngakhale kuti makinawa satsatira zofunikira pa kapangidwe ka API 610/682 mogwira ntchito, molingana ndi kukula kwake ndi/kapena mwaukadaulo. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa ogwiritsa ntchito amadziwa bwino API 682 ngati chisindikizo ndipo sadziwa zina mwazofunikira pamakampani zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwambiri pamakina/zisindikizo izi. Machitidwe Amakampani Oyendetsera Ntchito (PIP) ndi Deutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) ndi miyezo iwiri yamakampani yomwe ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamitundu iyi ya zisindikizo—miyezo ya DIN 28138/28154 yakhala ikufotokozedwa kwa nthawi yayitali kwa makampani opanga zida zosakaniza ku Europe, ndipo PIP RESM003 yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofunikira pazisindikizo zamakina pazida zosakaniza. Kupatula pa mfundo izi, palibe miyezo yodziwika bwino yamakampani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale miyeso yosiyanasiyana ya zipinda zosindikizira, kulekerera kwa makina, kupotoza kwa shaft, mapangidwe a magiya, makonzedwe a mabearing, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimasiyana kuchokera ku OEM kupita ku OEM.

Malo a wogwiritsa ntchito ndi makampani ake zidzasankha kwambiri kuti ndi iti mwa ma specs awa yomwe ingakhale yoyenera kwambiri patsamba lawo.zisindikizo zamakina zosakaniziraKufotokozera API 682 ya chisindikizo chosakaniza kungakhale ndalama zowonjezera komanso zovuta zina. Ngakhale n'zotheka kuphatikiza chisindikizo choyambira cha API 682-qualified mu kasinthidwe ka chosakaniza, njira iyi nthawi zambiri imabweretsa mavuto potsatira API 682 komanso kuyenerera kwa kapangidwe ka ntchito zosakaniza. Chithunzi 3 chikuwonetsa mndandanda wa kusiyana pakati pa chisindikizo cha API 682 Gulu 1 ndi chisindikizo cha makina chosakaniza wamba.